Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of the study participants (n = 200)

Age group (56.2 ± 9.6)

1. < 40 years

14(7.0)

2. 41–50 years

47(23,5)

3. 51–60 years

74(37.0)

4. 61–70 years

52(26.0)

5. > 71 years

13(6.5)

Sex

1. Male

102(51.0%)

2. Female

98(49.0%)

Marital Status

1. Married

151(75.5)

2. Divorced

17(8.5)

3. Widowed

32(16.0)

Educational level

1. Illiterate

41(20.5)

2. Primary school (1–8 grade)

62(31.0)

3. Secondary school (9–12 grade)

39(19.5)

4. College/University

58(29.0)

Occupation

1. Gov’t employee

45(22.5)

2. Private work

49(24.5)

3. Retired

30(15.0)

4. Unemployed

76(38.0)

*BMI (25.2 ± 3.9)

1. Normal weight (18.50-24.99)

109(54.5)

2. Over weight (25.00-29.99)

62(31.0)

3. Obesity (> 30.00)

29(14.5)

Living arrangement

1. Living with family

187(93.5)

2. Living alone

13(6.5)

Diabetes treatment regimen

1. Insulin only

44(22.0)

2. Insulin & OHA*

14(7.0)

3. OHA*

142(71.0)

Duration of diabetes (years) (7.7 ± 6.4)

1. < 5 years

82(41.0)

1. 5–10 years

75(37.5)

2. > 10 years

43(21.5)

*FBS(mg/dl) control (168.39 ± 57.0)

1. Good (≤ 130 mg/dl)

57(28.5)

2. Not good (≥ 131 mg/dl)

143(71.5)

Hypertension

1. Yes

110(55.0)

2. No

90(45.0)

Confidence in self-managing of diabetes (self-care efficacy)

1. Less Confident

122(61.0)

2. More Confident

78(39.0)