Table 3 Major risk predictors associated with health issues in poultry farmers by fitting different regression models represented by M numbers
Predictor | β- coefficients | Count (n = 140) | Health issues staff reported, n = 31 (22.14%) | Prevalence Ratio (95% CI) | Significance | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
M1 | Intercept |  | NA |  | 0.22 (0.09—0.53) | *** |
Farmer’s Education | Secondary | 18 | 4 (22.22%) | REF | NA | |
Higher secondary | 35 | 11 (31.43%) | 1.41 (0.52—3.82) | NS | ||
Graduation | 56 | 10 (17.86%) | 0.80 (0.29—2.25) | NS | ||
Post-graduation | 31 | 6 (19.35%) | 0.87 (0.28—2.68) | NS | ||
M2 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.07 (0.02—0.25) | *** | |
Farming Experience | Less than 5 years | 30 | 2 (6.67%) | REF | NA | |
5 to 10 years | 65 | 14 (21.54%) | 3.23 (0.78—13.33) | NS | ||
More than 10 years | 45 | 15 (33.33%) | 5.00 (1.23—20.30) | * | ||
M3 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.23 (0.15—0.35) | *** | |
Epidemic Training Status | Untrained | 66 | 15 (22.73%) | REF | NA | |
Self-research | 23 | 4 (17.39%) | 0.77 (0.28—2.07) | NS | ||
Trained | 51 | 12 (23.53%) | 1.04 (0.53—2.01) | NS | ||
M4 | Intercept | NA | Â | 0.40 | *** | |
Farm Type | Controlled | 30 | 12 (40.00%) | REF | NA | |
Semi controlled | 48 | 8 (16.67%) | 0.42 (0.19—0.90) | * | ||
Open | 62 | 11 (17.74%) | 0.44 (0.22—0.89) | * | ||
M5 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.12 (0.06—0.25) | *** | |
Labor Capacity | Less than 3 | 50 | 6 (12.00%) | REF | NA | |
3 to 5 | 57 | 11 (19.29%) | 1.61 (0.64—4.03) | NS | ||
More than5 | 33 | 14 (42.42%) | 3.54 (1.51—8.27) | ** | ||
M6 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.29 (0.20—0.42) | *** | |
Breed Type | Broiler | 66 | 19 (28.79%) | REF | NA | |
Layer | 36 | 8 (22.22%) | 0.77 (0.38—1.58) | NS | ||
Desi and crosses | 38 | 4 (10.51%) | 0.37 (0.13—1.00) | * | ||
M7 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.27 (0.19—0.39) | *** | |
Flock Management | All-in-all-out | 74 | 20 (20.03%) | REF | NA | |
Multiple flocks and all-in-all-out | 55 | 9 (16.36%) | 0.61 (0.30—1.23) | NS | ||
Continuous topping | 11 | 2 (18.18%) | 0.67 (0.18—2.49) | NS | ||
M8 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.20 (0.09—0.44) | *** | |
Cleaning Frequency | Every 5 days | 25 | 5 (20.00%) | REF | NA | |
Every 10 days | 48 | 8 (16.67%) | 0.83 (0.30—2.28) | NS | ||
Every 30 days | 67 | 18 (26.87%) | 1.34 (0.56—3.23) | NS | ||
M9 | Intercept |  | NA |  | 0.17 (0.03—1.00) | * |
Litter Disposal | Open place | 6 | 1 (16.67%) | REF | NA | |
Drain | 36 | 6 (16.67%) | 1.00 (0.14—6.91) | NS | ||
Pit | 98 | 24 (24.49%) | 1.47 (0.24—9.09) | NS | ||
M10 | Intercept | NA |  | 0.03 (0.01—0.12) | *** | |
Disease Outbreak | No | 64 | 2 (3.13%) | REF | NA | |
Yes | 76 | 29 (38.16%) | 12.21 (3.03—49.21) | *** | ||
M11 | Intercept |  | NA |  | 0.18 (0.12—0.26) | *** |
Disease Outbreak Avian Influenza | No | 120 | 21 (17.50%) | REF | NA | |
Yes | 20 | 10 (50.00%) | 2.86 (1.59—5.13) | *** | ||
M12 | Intercept |  | NA |  | 0.20 (0.14—0.29) | *** |
Disease Outbreak Fowl Typhoid | No | 122 | 25 (20.49%) | REF | NA | |
Yes | 18 | 6 (33.33%) | 1.63 (0.78—3.41) | NS | ||