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Table 4 Association between intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products with lipid profiles in the crude and adjusted models

From: The relationship between the intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products and dyslipidemia in STEPs study

Fruit Intake

Variables

 < 1 serving

1 serving

2 servings

˃ 2 servings

Triglyceride

    

Crude

Ref

1.20 (1.11–1.28)

1.22 (1.10–1.34)

1.28 (1.10–1.49)

Adjusted

Ref

1.00 (0.84–1.19)

1.07 (0.90–1.27)

0.97 (0.80–1.17)

TC

    

Crude

Ref

1.09 (1.00–1.18)

1.08 (0.96–1.22)

1.00 (0.82–1.21)

Adjusted

Ref

0.94 (0.76–1.17)

1.01 (0.82–1.26)

0.99 (0.78–1.25)

LDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

0.98 (0.92–1.04)

0.97 (0.88–1.06)

0.93 (0.80–1.07)

Adjusted

Ref

0.95 (0.89–1.02)

0.94 (0.85–1.05

1.01 (0.87–1.18)

HDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

1.10 (1.03–1.17)

1.00 (0.91–1.10)

1.08 (0.93–1.26)

Adjusted

Ref

0.98 (0.83–1.17)

1.03 (0.87–1.23)

0.92 (0.77–1.11)

Vegetable intake

Variables

 < 2 servings

2 servings

3 servings

˃ 3 servings

Triglyceride

    

Crude

Ref

1.08 (1.01–1.16)

1.08 (0.95–1.23)

1.26 (1.00–1.58)

Adjusted

Ref

0.98 (0.90–1.05)

0.89 (0.77–1.04)

1.15 (0.88–1.50)

TC

    

Crude

Ref

1.03 (0.95–1.12)

0.91 (0.78–1.08)

1.10 (0.83–1.46)

Adjusted

Ref

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

0.93 (0.77–1.11)

0.99 (0.71–1.38)

LDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

0.99 (0.93–1.05)

0.89 (0.80–1.01)

1.07 (0.87–1.32)

Adjusted

Ref

0.96 (0.90–1.03)

0.89 (0.78–1.02)

1.09 (0.86–1.38)

HDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

0.98 (0.91–1.04)

1.00 (0.89–1.13)

1.11 (0.88–1.40)

Adjusted

Ref

0.93 (0.87–1.01)

0.94 (0.82–1.09)

1.00 (0.76–1.31)

Dairy product intake

Variables

 < 1 serving

1 serving

2 servings

˃ 2 servings

Triglyceride

    

Crude

Ref

0.99 (0.92–1.06)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

0.97 (0.82–1.14)

Adjusted

Ref

0.90 (0.83–0.98)

0.87 (0.78–0.97)

0.88 (0.73–1.07)

TC

    

Crude

Ref

1.02 (0.93–1.12)

1.08 (0.96–1.21)

0.94 (0.77–1.16)

Adjusted

Ref

1.00 (0.90–1.10)

1.01 (0.89–1.16)

0.96 (0.76–1.22)

LDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

1.04 (0.97–1.11)

1.05 (0.96–1.14)

1.02 (0.88–1.18)

Adjusted

Ref

1.03 (0.96–1.11)

0.99 (0.90–1.09)

1.07 (0.90–1.27)

HDL-C

    

Crude

Ref

0.97 (0.91–1.04)

0.87 (0.80–0.95)

0.92 (0.79–1.08)

Adjusted

Ref

1.01 (0.94–1.10)

0.93 (0.84–1.04)

0.99 (0.83–1.20)

  1. TC Total cholesterol, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
  2. These values are odds ratios (95% CIs)
  3. Abnormality: Triglyceride > 150 mg/dL, TC > 200 mg/dL, LDL-C > 100 mg/dL, and low HDL-C (< 40 mg/dL in males and < 50 mg/dL in females)
  4. Obtained from logistic regression by enter method
  5. Bold values represent the significant values
  6. Adjusted model: for age, gender, BMI, physical activity, education, marital status, medication, area of residency, smoking history, and occupation