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Table 2 Correlation between the pain intensity and each indicator

From: Pain detection using biometric information acquired by a wristwatch wearable device: a pilot study of spontaneous menstrual pain in healthy females

 

Pain intensity (NRS)

r

p

0

1

2

3

4

5

Motion Frequency (Silmee)

8.8

± 6.6

11.3

± 5.3

12.1

± 4.9

14.4

± 2.1

14.3

± 2.5

14.6

± 1.6

0.26

< 0.01

Pulse Rate

(Silmee), bpm

68.6

± 16.3

79.0

± 15.5

71.3

± 25.3

82.1

± 26.3

65.7

± 10.7

73.1

± 11.5

0.00

0.79

Skin Temperature (Silmee), ℃

31.0

± 2.5

29.5

± 2.5

30.2

± 2.3

30.8

± 2.2

30.9

± 1.5

32.1

± 1.4

0.16

< 0.01

Pulse Rate

(Fitbit), bpm

71.4

± 13.6

82.8

± 12.7

73.6

± 13.1

84.9

± 10.2

76.1

± 8.9

85.1

± 8.4

0.25

< 0.01

  1. The values indicate the mean ± standard deviation for each pain intensity. r indicates the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient
  2. NRS: numerical rating scale. bpm: beat per minute
  3. Motion frequency value expresses the frequency of body movement from 0 to 15