Fig. 3

Relative abundance of the bacterial species (A) and the beta diversity (B) detected in healthy controls (HC) (participant 1–4), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) (participant 5–8), and Crohn’s disease (CD) (participant 9–12) without a preservative (−) and with 96% ethanol ( +). The two times a CD sample was DNA extracted and sequenced are marked with A and B for the first and second analyses, respectively. Species detected at a relative abundance < 1% are grouped as Other